There are many interesting terms, customs and traditions associated with Christianity and Catholicism.  As part of our ongoing education, we will visit some of these on a periodic basis.  For some, the information will be repetitive, while for others, it will open up an entire world.  Either way, it is a perfect way to reacquaint and/or familiarize ourselves with the terminology and beliefs of the Church and Christianity in general.

Advent

Advent begins the Church's liturgical year.  It includes the four weeks opening on the Sunday after the solemnity of Christ the King.  It is a time of preparation for the Feast of the Nativity and is observed with fasting, prayers, and meditation to dispose all to welcome Christ.  The time was observed in the Church as early as the fourth century; it is mentioned in A. D. 380 at the Council of Saragossa.  The season, although penitential, is not without a spirit of joy, hope, and anticipation.  On the third Sunday, known as "Gaudette Sunday", a special note of joy is introduced into the liturgy, indicating the assurance of everyone in the redemption of mankind by Christ.

The Sundays of Advent take precedence over all solemnites and feasts of the Lord (as do those of Lent and the Easter season) in the modern liturgical calendar, which went into effect December 1, 1974.

Source:  A to Z Guide to the Catholic Faith:  Who's Who and What's What in Catholicism